On the influence of holographic technology develop

On the impact of the development of holographic technology on the anti-counterfeiting printing industry. First, the invention of holography and the formation of the anti-counterfeiting industry. Hologram was proposed by Gabor in 1948 to improve the image quality of electron microscope, and its significance is a complete record. Geber's experiment solved the basic problem in the invention of holography, that is, the recording and reproduction of wavefront. However, due to the lack of bright coherent light source (laser) at that time, the imaging quality of hologram was very poor. In 1962, with the advent of lasers, Leith and upatniek (Leith an's original automatic control hydraulic material testing machine used electro-hydraulic servo valves to form the control system D upatniek (2) innovative demonstration project of new materials project s) introduced the concept of carrier frequency on the basis of Gaber holography and invented off-axis holography, effectively overcoming the main problem of poor holographic imaging quality at that time - twin images, Three dimensional object display became the focus of holography research at that time, but this kind of imaging science far exceeded the economic development at that time, and the cost of making and observing this kind of hologram was very expensive. Holography basically became a synonym for maintaining unrealistic fantasy with high funds

in 1969, Benton invented rainbow holography, which set off a new climax of holographic three-dimensional display characterized by white light display. Rainbow hologram is a kind of plane hologram that can realize white light display. Compared with Denisyuk's reflection hologram, in addition to the bright stereo image observed under ordinary incandescent lamp, it also has the advantages of simple hologram processing process and easy replication. The combination of rainbow holography and the increasingly mature hologram embossing replication technology at that time formed the holographic printing industry in the current fengmi world, and produced new applications of holograms for security anti-counterfeiting and decoration, such as holographic credit cards, holographic trademarks, holographic banknotes, holographic cartoons, holographic decorative materials, and even holographic clothing. Therefore, it can be said that the invention of rainbow holography is a gratifying first step for holograms to go out of the laboratory and be accepted by the society

anti counterfeiting and forgery has become a global problem. The criminal activities of counterfeiting currencies, credit cards, valuable certificates, certificates, trademarks, logos, famous and high-quality products, etc., have spread all over the world, and have become the second largest public hazard in the world after drug crimes. At the same time, governments and people all over the world have also attached importance to preventing the occurrence of counterfeiting. As an effective and practical anti-counterfeiting technology, the magical concept of hologram has also been favored by people and has achieved unprecedented rapid development. Holographic and anti-counterfeiting are almost regarded by people. It seems that holographic trademark is anti-counterfeiting trademark, or anti-counterfeiting trademark is holographic trademark

although we can't simply say that the invention of holography gave birth to the formation of today's anti-counterfeiting industry, we can see that the fundamental driving force for the formation and development of the holographic printing industry is anti-counterfeiting. It is at a time when this industry is booming that people's enthusiasm for anti-counterfeiting is unprecedented, so that various anti-counterfeiting associations have been born one after another. At the same time, in the existing anti-counterfeiting industries, Holographic printing industry is still the vast majority

second, the proliferation and reflection of holographic anti-counterfeiting trademarks

hologram, as an effective anti-counterfeiting means, has been gradually accepted by people since the late 1980s. Many famous institutions and brands have taken it as an anti-counterfeiting logo and achieved great success. Such as master card, visa card, German passport, mobil oil, apple jeans, Microsoft software, etc. In China, the huge anti-counterfeiting market, seemingly lucrative profits, and blind superstition about holograms have aroused people's boldest fantasies and desires. A large amount of money was invested in this field at a time. In just two years from 91 to 93, at least 300 new enterprises were born to produce and operate holographic anti-counterfeiting trademarks, with a scale ranging from hundreds of thousands to tens of millions of yuan. And this investment momentum has continued for two to three years. Except for a few enterprises that have the development ability and market development ability, the vast majority of them are blind investments, and a considerable number of them have closed down before even producing their products. Due to the lack of supervision of the holographic anti-counterfeiting industry by the government and the rapid and disorderly development of the industry, the current reality of the proliferation of holographic anti-counterfeiting trademarks is caused. What's more, it specializes in counterfeiting anti-counterfeiting trademarks to obtain huge profits and disrupt the market. For a time, anti-counterfeiting trademarks have been counterfeited repeatedly, which has greatly damaged the interests of consumers, thus questioning whether holograms can really play an anti-counterfeiting role

the main reasons for this phenomenon are the following two aspects: first, people's understanding of holograms is still very one-sided. At the early stage of the development of holographic printing, they believed that as long as holograms are anti-counterfeiting, so when there are more and more hologram manufacturers, they naturally go to the other extreme, that is, holograms are not anti-counterfeiting at all; Second, people still lack the basic knowledge of holography, a new image technology. When distinguishing the authenticity, they only stay at the thinking level of whether the hologram is true or not, but ignore the inner function of the hologram itself

in fact, holography is just a new technology similar to photographing technology. Hologram is not an enigmatic thing. The more important significance of using hologram as anti-counterfeiting is that the identification pattern produced by holography is more difficult to imitate than traditional technologies such as printing and photography. From the perspective of theory 12. Software reservation database interface, it is impossible to completely imitate a hologram. Compared with the genuine hologram, it is not difficult to find the huge difference between the fake hologram and the genuine hologram with a little attention, which is difficult to realize by traditional printing photography and other technologies

III. principle anti-counterfeiting and anti-counterfeiting holography

anti counterfeiting technology is a practical knowledge and skill that applies modern scientific theory and technology to identify the authenticity of products, expose and prevent counterfeiting. We can divide the existing anti-counterfeiting technology into two categories: one is material anti-counterfeiting, that is, using special anti-counterfeiting paper or ink for printing. The second is technical anti-counterfeiting, that is, using novel technology, complex technology and expensive equipment investment to make anti-counterfeiting signs

here we propose another concept of anti-counterfeiting, namely principle anti-counterfeiting. The so-called principle anti-counterfeiting means that when designing anti-counterfeiting schemes and making anti-counterfeiting products, in addition to the application of special materials and novel high technology, it is more important to ensure that the product can never be counterfeited in principle, even if it is the manufacturer himself. In real life, it is completely possible to produce such products, as long as the corresponding random mechanism is skillfully introduced in the production process. Holography is actually a process of principle anti-counterfeiting, because the various environmental parameters of each hologram are never the same, and it is absolutely impossible to make the information of more than 1000 line pairs per millimeter exactly the same twice. This is the fundamental reason why for holograms, as long as a little comparison is made, counterfeit products are very different from the real ones. Although holograms are absolutely impossible to copy in principle, from the perspective of visual effect, they must also give consumers obvious identification features before they can really play a role in anti-counterfeiting

the main task of anti-counterfeiting holography is to make use of special technologies and processes when photographing and making holograms, so that the reality that holograms cannot be copied is shown in obvious features that are easy for consumers to recognize. These technologies include: 1. Laser reading, 2. Optical miniaturization, 3. Low frequency lithography, 4. Moire encryption, 5. Interference fringes, 6. Two dimensional dynamic change, 7. Three dimensional micro carving, 8. Computer stereo, etc

the security of holograms taken with the above technology is reflected in two aspects: first, the counterfeiter retreats from difficulties, because combining multiple complex processes involves a deep understanding and clever combination of holography, which not everyone can do; Second, even if the counterfeiter hardens his scalp and pulls a hard cover, the result is far from the real one, because even the hologram made by the same person in the same way at different times has a very different effect. The process of photographing holograms implies many randomness, such as object placement, color matching, exposure conditions, etc., and the above technology emphasizes the characteristic changes brought by these randomness

IV. prospect of holographic anti-counterfeiting technology

holography is applied to anti-counterfeiting as a discipline, and has achieved unprecedented development around anti-counterfeiting, forming a unique holographic printing industry, which is undoubtedly a major achievement in the history of scientific and Technological Development in the 20th century. Around the eternal theme of anti-counterfeiting, the future development of anti-counterfeiting holography 6. The direction of the 2018 outlook exhibition is:

1 Full three-dimensional, dynamic, true color holographic anti-counterfeiting packaging. Three dimensional full stereoscopic display is the most important feature of holography compared with ordinary photography technology. From the perspective of anti-counterfeiting, the anti-counterfeiting force of three-dimensional hologram is far greater than that of ordinary 2D 3D hologram. In addition, the image expression ability of holography can't be replaced by other printing technologies. Integrating a beautiful three-dimensional, dynamic and true color hologram into the packaging in the form of hot stamping or pasting can not only play a role in anti-counterfeiting, but also see dynamic three-dimensional true color patterns when light shines, so as to highlight the product features and attract consumers' attention

2. Digital holography and special recognition instrument. Although the basic principle of holography is the recording and reconstruction of wavefront, the hologram is not necessarily generated by the direct interference of two beams of light (object light and reference light). With the development of computer technology, it is entirely possible to output the required holograms directly from the computer. This depends on the calculation method of hologram fine fringes and the corresponding output equipment. At present, the more mature technologies are dot matrix and e-beam scanning. From the perspective of anti-counterfeiting, digital holography can accurately reflect the characteristics of fine stripes of holograms, especially suitable for designing special recognition instruments

3. The innovation of hologram batch replication method. Molding hologram is the most economical and common method to produce holograms at present. In the past two years, with the emergence of new materials, such as photopolymer of DuPont company, the process of copying holograms by direct optical means similar to film automatic processing has also become popular, and the produced reflection holograms are better than molding holograms in brightness and stereoscopic sense. However, the organic combination of hologram and printing in batch production is not satisfactory at present. With the progress of science and technology, there are other methods besides light and heat replication for the fine stripe of hologram. Considering the hologram as one color in printing, it is not unthinkable to print its fine stripe with UV ink or other photo solid materials

4. Combined with other anti-counterfeiting technologies, comprehensive anti-counterfeiting. In the era of knowledge economy, the development of science and technology is changing with each passing day. Only by carrying out systematic and organized comprehensive anti-counterfeiting cooperation across disciplines and industries, can we fundamentally and effectively crack down on fake and shoddy behaviors. Holograms can be combined with new anti-counterfeiting technologies such as code anti-counterfeiting and nuclear track anti-counterfeiting to enhance anti-counterfeiting efforts

in fact, holography is just a new technology similar to photography. Hologram is not an enigmatic thing. The more important significance of using hologram as anti-counterfeiting is that the identification pattern produced by holography is more difficult to imitate than traditional techniques such as printing and photography. Theoretically, it is impossible to completely imitate a hologram